CAR-T cells shed light on the treatments of fatal liver diseases

Liver diseases are serious threat to human health. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell technology is a kind of adoptive cell therapy technique, which has been developed rapidly in recent years. It has achieved inspiring clinical efficacy and breakthroughs in hematologic malignancies, especially in B cell malignancies, and shed new light for tumor sufferers. Given the known achievements, CAR-T cells for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and liver cancer have shown great potential as well. However, compared with using of CAR-T in hematologic malignancies, the therapeutic application of CAR-T for liver cancer was few and its efficacy was not obvious. Herein, the review focused more on the preclinical and clinical trials of adoptive cell therapy (mainly CAR-T cells) in the treatment of liver disease, and discussed the therapeutic differences between hematologic malignancies and liver cancer. It will give a new insight for researchers to seek new approaches to improve clinical outcomes of CAR-T cell therapy in liver diseases in the future.